What could be the issue if a compressor runs but does not cool?

When a compressor runs but does not cool, it could indicate multiple potential issues within the HVAC system. Each of the choices represents a common problem that can affect cooling performance.

A faulty capacitor can affect the compressor’s ability to start and run efficiently. The capacitor is crucial for providing the necessary electrical boost to the compressor at startup and maintaining its operation. If the capacitor is not functioning correctly, the compressor may run but not operate effectively, leading to inadequate cooling.

A low refrigerant charge is one of the most common issues that can cause a compressor to run without providing cooling. Refrigerant is the essential fluid that absorbs heat from the indoor air and releases it outside. If there is a leak or insufficient refrigerant, it can prevent the system from absorbing enough heat, resulting in ineffective cooling.

A clogged air filter can restrict airflow through the HVAC system. Proper airflow is crucial for effective heat exchange; when air cannot flow freely, it can lead to inadequate cooling even if the compressor is operational. The compressor may cycle on and off frequently (short-cycling) due to lack of return air, further reducing the cooling capacity.

Given that each of these factors could independently lead to the scenario where the compressor runs but does not effectively cool, the most comprehensive answer