What role does the transformer play regarding load management in HVAC?

The transformer plays a crucial role in handling inductive loads within HVAC systems by efficiently converting voltage levels for various components. HVAC systems often include motors, such as those found in compressors, fans, and pumps, which are inductive loads that require a specific voltage to operate effectively.

Transformers allow these components to receive the appropriate voltage, ensuring they run smoothly and maintain the necessary performance levels. By stepping up or stepping down voltage as needed, the transformer ensures that inductive loads do not experience voltage drops that could lead to inefficiencies or operational issues, such as overheating or failure to start.

In contrast, other roles mentioned in the options do not apply to transformers. They do not act as heat exchangers—those functions are served by different components in an HVAC system. Similarly, transformers do not provide a direct current supply; they are designed to manage alternating current without regulating water circulation, which is a function typically handled by pumps and valves in the system.